Cystoscopy
A cystoscopy is a procedure used to examine the inside of the bladder and urethra with a tube known as a cystoscope. The cystoscope, which is inserted into the urethra during the test and carefully advanced into the bladder, is equipped with a special light and lens to assist the urologist in an accurate visualization. While minimally invasive, the cystoscopy enables the urologist to see the targeted area with much greater clarity than other commonly used diagnostic imaging techniques, such as X-rays.
Reasons for a Cystoscopy
A cystoscopy may be necessary for diagnostic or interventional reasons. These reasons include:
- Determining the cause of blood in the urine
- Diagnosing the reason for repeated urinary tract infections
- Detecting blockages in the urethra
- Removing tissue samples for biopsy
- Removing foreign objects
A cystoscopy may also be performed in order to insert a urinary catheter.
The Cystoscopy Procedure
Depending on the individual case, a cystoscopy may be performed as an outpatient procedure under sedation and local anesthesia, or in a hospital setting under general anesthesia. Before undergoing a cystoscopy, the patient is instructed to empty the bladder. Once the anesthesia, whether local or general, has been administered, the doctor inserts the cystoscope through the urethra and into the bladder. Water or a saline solution is used to fill the urethra and bladder, stretching their walls to provide the doctor with a detailed view of the inner tissue.
Under some circumstances. additional miniature instruments may be inserted through the cystoscope to collect tissue samples for biopsy. Patients can expect the procedure to take 45 minutes or less, depending on precisely what the doctor has to do.
Complications of a Cystoscopy
A cystoscopy is considered safe, with no foreseeable risks for most patients. Immediately after the procedure, however, patients may experience mild swelling of the urethra and burning during urination. These discomforts are typically short-lived, resolving within 48 hours.
